Simulation of urea reactor of industrial process

The urea reactor is one of the most important units in the urea synthesis process. Rigorous simulation of the urea reactor is necessary and significant. Ho,wever, the complicated thermodynamic system and chemical reactions result in difficulties of modeling and simulation. In this work, the urea reactor is considered as a critical gas-liquid concurrent fluid reactor, in which some perforated plates are installed in order to prevent back mixing. A mechanism model is presented based on a rigorous thermodynamic model, reaction kinetics and fluid dynamics. A stage-by-stage method is adopted to solve the urea reactor model that consists of a series of non-linear equations. The numerical solution of the equations is substantially performed with a conventional iterative method and the algorithm is simple and robust. The solution gives the profile of the temperature along and the concentrations of components within the reactor. The model results agree well with design data.